Dr Suha Khalifa, Family Medicine Consultant
Breast cancer remains the most common cancer among women worldwide and is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths.
In many countries, including Jordan, breast cancer constitutes a significant public health concern.
Despite significant advancements in diagnosis and treatment that have enhanced survival rates, raising awareness remains crucial for encouraging early detection and prevention.”
What is cancer?
Breast cancer occurs when cells grow abnormally, leading to the formation of a tumor that can potentially spread to other parts of the body.
While men and women can develop breast cancer, it predominantly affects women due to the effect of hormonal changes on breast tissue.
Risk factors
The risk factors for breast cancer include genetics, lifesty, age and a family history of the disease.
Certain individuals carry a higher risk due to inherited genetic mutations in their genes, which are linked to an increased likelihood of developing breast and ovarian cancers.
A woman with a first-degree relative (mother, sister, or daughter) diagnosed with breast cancer, especially under the age of 50, is at high risk.
Genetic counselling
Genetic counselling for women at risk of cancer can provide valuable insights into their risk factors.
This helps them make informed decisions about their health, including frequent screenings or even preventive surgical procedures.
Prevention
Early detection of breast cancer significantly increases the chances of successful treatment and survival.
Mammography remains the mostly used screening tool. It is particularly effective in identifying breast cancer in its early stages before symptoms arise.
For women aged between 45 and 74, regular mammograms every two years are recommended, while women aged 75 and above should consult with their healthcare providers to determine if screening is still necessary.
Despite the benefits, some women delay or avoid screening due to misconceptions about the risks associated with mammography.
However, the radiation exposure from mammograms is minimal and is significantly outweighed by the potential benefits of early detection
While some risk factors, such as age and genetics, are beyond our control, there are steps women can take to reduce their risk of developing breast cancer. Adopting a healthy lifestyle plays a crucial role in prevention.
Key strategies:
1. Maintaining a healthy weight: Obesity, has been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer. Regular exercise and a balanced diet can help manage body weight and reduce the likelihood of cancer
2. Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption: Smoking and alcohol are associated with a higher risk of most cancers, including breast cancer
3. Breastfeeding: Studies show that breastfeeding can reduce the risk of breast cancer, particularly for women who breastfeed for an extended period
Breast cancer awareness and screening can save lives and improve health outcome .By promoting early detection, encouraging healthy lifestyle choices and improving access to quality healthcare, we can reduce the impact of breast cancer.
Every step towards awareness is a step towards a healthier future for women everywhere.
Common symptoms and signs of breast cancer
Changes in the size or shape of the breast
A lump in the breast or underarm
Dimpling of the skin
Abnormal nipple discharge
Persistent breast pain
You can contact Suha Khalifa at [email protected]
